What purpose does it serve for non-money market mutual funds to hold money market instruments?
A. Money market instruments primarily generate investment income that provides investors with preferential tax treatment.
B. If the portfolio manager has an immediate need for cash, money market instruments are relatively easy to liquidate.
C. They are purchased by non-money market funds to satisfy the regulatory requirement of fund diversification.
D. They ensure that the fair market value of a mutual fund will not drop below a minimal market value.
Explanation: The purpose of holding money market instruments for non-money market mutual funds is to provide liquidity for the fund. If the portfolio manager has an immediate need for cash, such as to pay expenses or meet redemption requests, money market instruments are relatively easy to liquidate because they have short maturities and low credit risk. Money market instruments do not primarily generate investment income that provides investors with preferential tax treatment, as interest income from money market instruments is fully taxable at the investor’s marginal tax rate. Money market instruments are not purchased by non-money market funds to satisfy the regulatory requirement of fund diversification, as there is no such requirement for mutual funds. Money market instruments do not ensure that the fair market value of a mutual fund will not drop below a minimal market value, as money market instruments can also fluctuate in value depending on interest rate changes and supply and demand factors.
You are meeting a new client, Steven, and you are trying to determine his level of understanding of different investments. Which question would give you the most information regarding your client's familiarity with investing?
A. Do you want to minimize taxes from your investments?
B. What rate of return do you expect from investing?
C. Do you understand the relationship between risk and return?
D. Do you have the resources to invest for the long-term?
Explanation: This question would give you the most information regarding your client’s familiarity with investing because it tests their basic knowledge of one of the fundamental concepts in finance. The relationship between risk and return is the trade-off that investors face when choosing between different investments. Generally, the higher the risk, the higher the expected return, and vice versa. A client who understands this relationship would be able to evaluate the potential outcomes and costs of their investment decisions and choose the ones that match their risk tolerance and return objectives. A client who does not understand this relationship might have unrealistic expectations or make unsuitable choices.
Greg is a Dealing Representative. As a part of his business building activity, Greg prepares several messages to post on his website and Facebook page. Which statement CORRECTLY describes this situation?
A. Posting a sales communication to a website is prohibited by the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA).
B. Posting messages to Facebook is prohibited by Canada's Anti-Spam Law (CASL).
C. Greg's messages must be approved by his dealer before he can publish or issue the communication.
D. Greg must not discuss the investment performance, rankings, or ratings of a fund in his communication.
Explanation: According to the MFDA rules, any sales communication that is prepared by a Member or an Approved Person, such as Greg, must be approved by the dealer in writing prior to its publication, issuance, or use. A sales communication is any communication that is intended to promote the business of the Member or the Approved Person, or the sale of securities, including any communication on a website or a social media platform. The dealer must ensure that the sales communication is fair, balanced, and not misleading, and that it complies with the applicable laws and regulations.
Which document contains information regarding the Independent Review Committee compensation?
A. Annual Information Form
B. Fund Facts
C. Management Reports of Fund Performance
D. Simplified Prospectus
Explanation: The Annual Information Form (AIF) is a document that provides detailed information about a mutual fund, such as its history, structure, management, fees, expenses, risks, policies, and performance. The AIF also contains information regarding the Independent Review Committee (IRC) compensation, which is the amount of fees and expenses paid by the fund to the IRC members for their services. The IRC is a committee of independent individuals who oversee the fund manager’s decisions on conflict of interest matters and act in the best interests of the fund and its investors.
Which of the following form part of the disclosure documents relating to mutual funds?
A. balance sheet, income and cash flow statements of the portfolio management company
B. statement of net assets, annual information form, management reports of fund performance
C. annual proxy voting record, audited financial statements, and proof of registration
D. new account information form, quarterly financial statements, and security certification
Sandra presently participates in her employer-sponsored defined contribution pension plan (DCPP). As contributions continue to be made into her plan, what can she expect?
A. Retirement benefits will be based on a prescribed formula that can be referenced from the plan's terms and conditions.
B. The employer will solely make contributions to her DCPP based on a prescribed formula noted within her plan.
C. Her available registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) contribution room will be reduced by what is being contributed to her plan.
D. To ensure she has savings at retirement, the employer will choose stable investments to grow her retirement savings.
Explanation: A defined contribution pension plan (DCPP) is a type of retirement savings plan where the employer and/or employee make contributions to an individual account for the employee. The retirement benefits depend on the amount of contributions and the investment returns. Contributions to a DCPP reduce the employee’s available registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) contribution room, which is the maximum amount that can be contributed to an RRSP each year without tax penalties.
Which of the following statement about Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) is TRUE?
A. Usually the market price of an ETF is the net asset value per unit (NAVPU) of the Fund on that day.
B. Investors may sell their ETFs in the stock market or redeem them through the Fund at the NAVPU of the day.
C. ETFs have lower MERs compared to mutual funds.
D. All ETFs are actively managed.
Explanation: An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is a type of pooled investment security that operates much like a mutual fund. Typically, ETFs will track a particular index, sector, commodity, or other assets, but unlike mutual funds, ETFs can be purchased or sold on a stock exchange the same way that a regular stock can. ETFs have lower management expense ratios (MERs) compared to mutual funds because they are passively managed and do not incur high costs for research, analysis, and portfolio rebalancing. Therefore, this statement is true about ETFs.
Based on your discussions with your client Sierra, you believe an asset allocation of 30% fixed income and 70% equities will help her achieve her long-term goals. What type of asset allocation strategy are you implementing?
A. tactical
B. strategic
C. optimal
D. lifecycle
Explanation: A strategic asset allocation strategy is one that involves setting target allocations for various asset classes based on the investor’s risk tolerance, time horizon, and investment objectives, and rebalancing the portfolio periodically to maintain the original allocations. This strategy is compatible with a buy-and-hold approach and aims to achieve long-term goals by diversifying across different asset classes and markets. In this case, you are implementing a strategic asset allocation strategy for your client Sierra by assigning 30% of her portfolio to fixed income and 70% to equities, and planning to rebalance her portfolio when the actual allocations deviate significantly from the target allocations.
The owners of Underground Airways Ltd. want to take their privately owned corporation public through an initial public offering (IPO). They are speaking to a specialist from an investment dealer to determine whether it would be advisable to become listed on a stock exchange or the over-the-counter (OTC) market. In comparing the two options, which of the following considerations is TRUE?
A. A stock exchange listing would provide Underground with greater market exposure and public confidence than listing on the OTC market.
B. Underground would still be directly involved in the trading of their shares on either market.
C. Underground would be subject to less stringent listing requirements if they chose the stock exchange as compared to the OTC market.
D. If Underground chose to list on the OTC market, there would be no secondary market available for investors.
Explanation: A is correct because a stock exchange listing would provide Underground
with greater market exposure and public confidence than listing on the OTC market. A
stock exchange is a regulated and organized market where securities are traded through
intermediaries such as brokers. A stock exchange listing can enhance the reputation,
visibility, and liquidity of a company’s shares, as well as attract more investors and
analysts.
An OTC market is a decentralized and less regulated market where securities are
traded directly between buyers and sellers, usually through dealers or market makers. An
OTC listing may have lower costs and fewer requirements than a stock exchange listing,
but it also has less transparency, liquidity, and investor protection. Underground would not
be directly involved in the trading of their shares on either market (B), as they would only
issue new shares through an IPO and then let the secondary market determine the price
and volume of their shares.
Underground would be subject to more stringent listing
requirements if they chose the stock exchange as compared to the OTC market ©, as they
would have to meet higher standards of financial reporting, disclosure, governance, and
compliance. If Underground chose to list on the OTC market, there would still be a
secondary market available for investors (D), but it would be less liquid and efficient than a stock exchange.
Which of the following is a conflict of interest that should be AVOIDED?
A. Arilla's client, Gwen, wants to co-invest with Arilla in units of a real estate limited partnership.
B. Davu's client, Ester, wants him to refer her to an accountant to help her with filing her tax return.
C. Fred's client, Hildie, wants to buy a life insurance policy and Fred is dually licensed as an Insurance Agent.
D. Jamal's client, Laila, wants to buy the Focus Canadian Growth Fund that pays Jamal trailer fees.
Explanation: A conflict of interest is a situation in which a person’s personal interests conflict with their professional duties or responsibilities. A conflict of interest should be avoided or disclosed to prevent harm to the client or the registrant. In this case, Arilla’s client, Gwen, wants to co-invest with Arilla in units of a real estate limited partnership. This is a conflict of interest because Arilla may have a personal interest in the investment that could influence her advice to Gwen or affect her ability to act in Gwen’s best interest. For example, Arilla may benefit from the investment at Gwen’s expense, or she may have access to information that Gwen does not have. Therefore, this is a conflict of interest that should be avoided by Arilla. She should decline Gwen’s offer and explain that it would compromise her professional obligations and fiduciary duty to Gwen.
Which of the following statements are CORRECT about labour sponsored investment funds (LSIFs)?
A. LSIFs are appropriate for investors with a short-term time horizon.
B. All provinces offer some sort of additional tax credit for investors.
C. LSIFs are suitable for investors with a low risk tolerance.
D. Investors will forfeit their tax credits if they redeem their LSIF investment before 8 years have elapsed.
Explanation: LSIFs are a type of investment fund that provide venture capital to small and medium-sized Canadian businesses, while offering tax benefits to investors. However, LSIFs are also considered high-risk and illiquid investments, as they invest in private companies that may not have a proven track record or marketability. Therefore, LSIFs are not suitable for investors with a short-term time horizon or a low risk tolerance. Investors who buy LSIFs receive a 15% federal tax credit and may also receive an additional provincial tax credit, depending on the province where they reside. However, these tax credits are conditional on holding the LSIF investment for at least 8 years. If investors redeem their LSIF investment before the 8-year period, they will have to repay the tax credits they received.
Justin and Yvonne both open a Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP) for their daughter Grace. They plan to regularly contribute $1,000 per year until Grace reaches the age of 17. Which of the following statements relating to RESP is CORRECT?
A. Justin and Yvonne may contribute a combined lifetime maximum of $50,000 for Grace.
B. RESPs are attractive to Justin and Yvonne because they are tax-free investment plans.
C. There is an annual contribution limit of $2,500 that Justin and Yvonne can contribute to an RESP.
D. Contributions made by Justin and Yvonne are eligible for a tax deduction in the year they are contributed.
Explanation:
A Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP) is a tax-advantaged savings
plan that helps parents and family members save for a child’s post-secondary education.
The government also contributes to the plan through the Canada Education Savings Grant
(CESG) and the Canada Learning Bond (CLB), depending on the family income and the
amount of contributions.
However, there are some rules and limits that apply to RESP
contributions and government grants. One of them is the lifetime contribution limit, which is
the maximum amount that can be contributed to an RESP for a beneficiary from all
sources. The lifetime contribution limit is $50,000 per beneficiary, regardless of how many
RESPs are opened for them or who contributes to them. Therefore, statement A is correct.
Justin and Yvonne may contribute a combined lifetime maximum of $50,000 for Grace to
their RESP.
The other statements are incorrect for the following reasons:
Statement B: RESPs are not tax-free investment plans. They are tax-deferred
plans, meaning that the contributions are made with after-tax dollars and the
investment income earned in the plan is not taxed until it is withdrawn as an
educational assistance payment (EAP) for the beneficiary. The EAPs are taxed in
the hands of the beneficiary, who usually has little or no income and pays little or
no tax.
Statement C: There is no annual contribution limit for RESP contributions.
However, there is an annual limit for the CESG, which is 20% of the first $2,500
contributed per beneficiary per year, up to a maximum of $500 per year. The
CESG also has a lifetime limit of $7,200 per beneficiary.
Statement D: Contributions made to an RESP are not eligible for a tax deduction in
the year they are contributed. They are made with after-tax dollars and do not
reduce the contributor’s taxable income.
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