In DNA complementary base pairing, guanine and cytosine pair and adenine and thymine base pair. Remembering the phrase "G-CAT" helps one recollect correct pairing. Which nitrogen base would bind with a guanine nucleotide in forming double-stranded DNA?

A. Cytosine

B. Uracil

C. Thymine

D. Adenine

hs-CRP is a more sensitive version of the C-reactive protein (CRP) test, a test that has been used for many years to assess inflammation in settings such as lupus, transplantation, infection, etc.
Which of the following cardiovascular risk markers is a more sensitive version of a test that is used to assess inflammation?

A. Oxidized-LDL

B. hs-CRP

C. ApoB/ApoA1

D. LpPLA2

If Kappa or Lambda is predominant and CD5 is co-expressed with CD19 (CD19/CD5 dual positive lymphocyte population), and CD23 is expressed, chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a probable diagnosis. CD19 is normally found on normal B cell populations and CD5 is normally found on mature T cell populations. However, CD5 is present on B cells in Bchronic lymphocytic leukemia or Mantle Cell Lymphoma, both abnormal B cell malignant processes.
CD23 expression is not consistent with Mantel cells as shown on the decision tree on the right.
A monoclonal B-cell population (Kappa or Lambda predominant) with expression of CD19, CD20, CD23, and co-expression of CD5 is consistent with which of the following?

A. A normal B cell

B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

C. Mantle cell lymphoma

D. A mature T cell

The document designed to protect phlebotomists from contacting hepatitis is the:

A. Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure Control Plan

B. Chemical Hygiene Plan

C. Material Safety Data Sheets

D. procedure manual

Most researchers believe that the small size and increased density of LDL molecules found in atherogenic dyslipidemia enable the molecules to more easily invade the endothelium and arterial wall of vessels. Why are small dense LDL molecules more atherogenic?

A. Small dense LDL molecules contain less cholesterol and phospholipid

B. Small dense LDL molecules increase the concentration of HDL-C in the blood

C. Small dense LDL molecules increase the concentration of adoponectin and inflammatory cytokines

D. Small dense LDL molecules have greater mobility in the endothelium and arterial wall

Which of the following tests detect LTBI:

A. BAMT

B. culture

C. PCR

D. Two-step TST

Insulin is the hormone that is mainly responsible for the entry of glucose into the cell for energy production.
Glucagon and epinephrine promote glycogenolysis, conversion of glycogen to glucose, which increases plasma glucose. Cortisol, along with glucagon, increases gluconeogenesis, formation of glucose from noncarbohydrates, which also raises plasma glucose concentration.
Chemistry
Which of the following hormones is mainly responsible for the entry of glucose into the cell for energy production?

A. Epinephrine

B. Glucagon

C. Cortisol

D. Insulin

Mode is defined as the number that occurs most frequently in a set of numbers. The value that occurs most frequently in a set of results or values would be termed:

A. Mean

B. Median

C. Mode

D. Standard deviation

Duffy antigens are rendered inactive by enzyme treatments since the enzyme will remove the sialic acid from the RBC membrane. This process destroys: M, N, S, s, and Duffy antigens. The process enhances the reactions for Rh, Kidd, Lewis, I, and P antigens. When performing an antibody panel, which one of the following antigens will be rendered inactive by enzyme treatment?

A. anti-Fya

B. anti-Jka

C. anti-E

D. anti-Lua

In combined fiscal years 2005 through 2009, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) caused the higest number of reported fatalities (48%), followed by hemolytic transfusion reactions (26%) due to non-ABO (16%) and ABO (10%) incompatibilities. Complications of microbial infection, transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO), and anaphylactic reactions each accounted for a smaller number of reported fatalities.

A. Anaphylactic reactions

B. Febrile non-hemolytic reactions

C. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

D. Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease

A positive RPR test and a negative FTA-ABS test is most likely the result of:

A. Primary syphilis

B. Secondary syphilis

C. Latent syphilis

D. False positive reaction

The purpose of protective isolation is to protect:

A. the phlebotomist from infection

B. the phlebotomist after a needlestick

C. the patient from family conflicts

D. a compromised patient from infection